Measles Cases and MMR Vaccination Coverage by Year

The script begins by defining macro variables for the output path and image resolution (DPI) for ODS. It then configures the ODS LISTING destination for graphic output. A DATA STEP is used to create a dataset named 'Measles' with embedded data (`datalines`) for the year, measles cases, and vaccination percentage. A PROC PRINT is executed to display the content of this dataset. The main part of the script uses PROC SGPLOT to visualize the data: a vertical bar chart represents vaccination coverage (Y2-axis) and a vertical line chart represents measles cases (Y-axis), allowing for easy comparison of the two metrics over time. The axes, legend, and colors are customized to improve graph readability.

Data Analysis

Type : INTERNAL_CREATION

The data used in this script is created internally via a DATALINES block within a DATA STEP. The 'Measles' dataset is generated with fixed values for the year, number of cases, and vaccination percentage.

1 Code Block

ODS Configuration

Explanation :
This block defines two macro variables: 'gpath' to specify the output directory and 'dpi' for image resolution. It closes the default ODS HTML destination and opens the ODS LISTING destination to generate output in the specified path, including images at the defined resolution.

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1	%let gpath='.'; /--Put your Folder Name here--/
2	%let dpi=300;
3	ods html close;
4	ods listing gpath=&gpath image_dpi=&dpi;

2 Code Block

DATA STEP Data

Explanation :
This DATA STEP creates a SAS dataset named 'Measles'. It uses the INPUT statement to define three numeric variables: 'Year', 'Cases' (measles cases), and 'Vaccine' (vaccination coverage). The data is provided directly in the script via the DATALINES statement.

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1	DATA Measles;
2	INPUT Year Cases Vaccine;
3	DATALINES;
4	1998 100 92
5	1999 120 88
6	2000 100 88
7	2001 400 87
8	2002 500 84
9	2003 450 82
10	2004 250 80
11	2005 150 81
12	2006 700 85
13	2007 1000 87
14	2008 1300 85
15	2009 1100 86
16	2010 500 88
17	2011 1000 89
18	2012 2000 91
19	;
20	RUN;

3 Code Block

PROC PRINT

Explanation :
This procedure generates a simple tabular report of the previously created 'Measles' dataset, displaying all observations and variables in the ODS LISTING output window.

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1	PROC PRINT;RUN;

4 Code Block

PROC SGPLOT

Explanation :
This block generates a complex graph using PROC SGPLOT. It initializes ODS GRAPHICS parameters (size, image name). The graph combines a vertical bar chart ('VBAR') for vaccination coverage (in green, on the Y2-axis) and a vertical line chart ('VLINE') for measles cases (in red, on the Y-axis). The X and Y axes are customized with specific labels, colors, and ranges, and a legend is added to identify the different metrics. The title for the graph is also defined.

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1	ods graphics / reset attrpriority=color width=5in height=3in imagename='2_1_Measels';
2	title 'Measles Cases and MMR Uptake by Year';
3	PROC SGPLOT DATA=Measles noborder;
4	vbar year / response=vaccine nostatlabel y2axis fillattrs=(color=green) filltype=gradient
5	baselineattrs=(thickness=0) baseline=0;
6	vline year / response=cases nostatlabel lineattrs=(color=red thickness=3);
7	keylegend / location=inside position=top linelength=15;
8	yaxis offsetmin=0 display=(noline noticks) thresholdmax=0 max=2500 grid
9	label='Measels Cases in England and Wales' labelattrs=(color=red);
10	y2axis offsetmin=0 min=0 max=95 display=(noline noticks) thresholdmax=0
11	label='MMR Uptake for England' labelattrs=(color=green);
12	xaxis display=(nolabel noticks) valueattrs=(size=7);
13	RUN;
14	title;

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